Since the early 2000s, several high-frequency monitoring programs have been established to collect biogeochemical time series at fine temporal (intervals of less than a day) and spatial (scales below 100 meters) resolutions. These observation and monitoring initiatives facilitate the detection of episodic events, transient blooms, and highly variable peaks, making them invaluable for both operational monitoring and fundamental process studies.
This conference is dedicated to the analysis of these in situ observations, and the call for communication is open for presentations on-site, oral or poster.
Observing coastal and ocean areas is a major scientific and technological challenge for understanding environmental dynamics, managing marine resources sustainably and anticipating the impact of climate and man-made changes.
The knowledge acquired in recent years is such that it is generally accepted that there is a good qualitative understanding of the processes involved in certain hydrodynamic, biogeochemical and/or biological processes, but the quantitative influence on ecological processes and changes in ecosystem structure are not yet well known. One of the additional reasons why so little is known about the environment and its state of health is that it is difficult to make regular, sustained, high-frequency observations. Observation and monitoring programmes most often propose fortnightly or monthly monitoring frequencies, rarely weekly. Higher frequency (HF) approaches (from the sub-weekly to the sub-hourly scale) were and still are too often carried out in the form of ‘one-off’ operations over short periods as part of research programmes. The acquisition of automated HF measurements at sea on a more systematic and long-term basis has only really been possible in operational mode (as opposed to Research & Development mode) for a few years, and then only for a few parameters and in certain areas. In France, a single National Observation System (SNO), COAST-HF (IR ILICO), is exclusively dedicated to high-resolution observation of the coastal environment. These data acquired at high frequency provide (in addition to the data recorded at low frequency and/or by smoothing the signals) information of great importance for a better understanding of the structure and multi-scale dynamics of the coastal systems in question.
The low-resolution data acquired through research projects and observation programmes dedicated to the coastline, coastal areas and oceans (most of which were implemented in the 80s and 90s) continues to reveal its secrets. These data reinforce the knowledge of the scientific community, which is federated, in particular, around the following three scientific challenges:
- Assessing and predicting changes in coastal marine systems under the combined influence of global and local control factors,
- Assessing the impact of recurrent, rare and/or extreme events on these changes,
- Disentangle the impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors from climate change.
The knowledge acquired in recent years is such that it is generally accepted that there is a good qualitative understanding of the processes involved in certain hydrodynamic, biogeochemical and/or biological processes, but the quantitative influence on ecological processes and changes in ecosystem structure are not yet well known. One of the additional reasons why so little is known about the environment and its state of health is that it is difficult to make regular, sustained, high-frequency observations. Observation and monitoring programmes most often propose fortnightly or monthly monitoring frequencies, rarely weekly. Higher frequency (HF) approaches (from the sub-weekly to the sub-hourly scale) were and still are too often carried out in the form of ‘one-off’ operations over short periods as part of research programmes. The acquisition of automated HF measurements at sea on a more systematic and long-term basis has only really been possible in operational mode (as opposed to Research & Development mode) for a few years, and then only for a few parameters and in certain areas. In France, a single National Observation System (SNO), COAST-HF (IR ILICO), is exclusively dedicated to high-resolution observation of the coastal environment. These data acquired at high frequency provide (in addition to the data recorded at low frequency and/or by smoothing the signals) information of great importance for a better understanding of the structure and multi-scale dynamics of the coastal systems in question.
The low-resolution data acquired through research projects and observation programmes dedicated to the coastline, coastal areas and oceans (most of which were implemented in the 80s and 90s) continues to reveal its secrets. These data reinforce the knowledge of the scientific community, which is federated, in particular, around the following three scientific challenges:
- Assessing and predicting changes in coastal marine systems under the combined influence of global and local control factors,
- Assessing the impact of recurrent, rare and/or extreme events on these changes,
- Disentangle the impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors from climate change.
These scientific challenges are broken down into actions relating to ecological issues or methodological issues depending on the state of knowledge, as well as pressures, environmental conditions and direct and indirect impacts on the ecosystems studied.
The technological breakthroughs of the last few decades have made it possible to go even further in addressing these scientific challenges, in particular by taking into account the role of events on small scales of time and space in the structuring and optimal functioning of ecosystems in order to guarantee ecosystem goods and services. High-resolution observation of coastal and oceanic zones opens up new prospects for understanding and managing marine environments. It is based on a synergistic deployment of advanced technologies, supported by scientific and institutional collaborations. By combining technological innovation and a systems approach, these initiatives are contributing to the sustainable management of coastal areas in the face of the challenges of the 21st century.
The optimisation and processing of this HF data is complex due to the many constraints associated with these databases: high variability, wide range of scales for the variability of time series, numerous missing data (linked to sensor maintenance and breakdowns), numerous parameters to be taken into account, obeying different forcings and processes. The aim is therefore to propose and optimise solutions to improve the management of large data matrices (several tens or even hundreds of thousands of instants X number of measured parameters), to propose tools to help validate and qualify the data, to propose adaptations of analytical methods for completing and regularising, classifying and learning from these series in order, ultimately, to make optimum use of the information so as to be able to predict future events. In order to meet the needs of the most ecosystemic approach possible, this must be envisaged via multi-varied, multi-source and multi-scale approaches in order to take into account the complexity of interactions between environmental parameters and pressure/impact effects. The new knowledge acquired through the implementation of these adapted and optimised methods should also actively contribute to the needs of society at large through scientific and technical proposals for the definition of strategies, metrics and indicators for Good Environmental or Ecological Status in support of the implementation of directives such as the Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) or the MSFD (2006/56/EC) or regional seas conventions such as the Oslo and Paris Conventions (OSPAR).
The technological breakthroughs of the last few decades have made it possible to go even further in addressing these scientific challenges, in particular by taking into account the role of events on small scales of time and space in the structuring and optimal functioning of ecosystems in order to guarantee ecosystem goods and services. High-resolution observation of coastal and oceanic zones opens up new prospects for understanding and managing marine environments. It is based on a synergistic deployment of advanced technologies, supported by scientific and institutional collaborations. By combining technological innovation and a systems approach, these initiatives are contributing to the sustainable management of coastal areas in the face of the challenges of the 21st century.
The optimisation and processing of this HF data is complex due to the many constraints associated with these databases: high variability, wide range of scales for the variability of time series, numerous missing data (linked to sensor maintenance and breakdowns), numerous parameters to be taken into account, obeying different forcings and processes. The aim is therefore to propose and optimise solutions to improve the management of large data matrices (several tens or even hundreds of thousands of instants X number of measured parameters), to propose tools to help validate and qualify the data, to propose adaptations of analytical methods for completing and regularising, classifying and learning from these series in order, ultimately, to make optimum use of the information so as to be able to predict future events. In order to meet the needs of the most ecosystemic approach possible, this must be envisaged via multi-varied, multi-source and multi-scale approaches in order to take into account the complexity of interactions between environmental parameters and pressure/impact effects. The new knowledge acquired through the implementation of these adapted and optimised methods should also actively contribute to the needs of society at large through scientific and technical proposals for the definition of strategies, metrics and indicators for Good Environmental or Ecological Status in support of the implementation of directives such as the Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) or the MSFD (2006/56/EC) or regional seas conventions such as the Oslo and Paris Conventions (OSPAR).
The main subjetc of interested will be developed within the following sessions (to be adapted depending on the abstracts received).
- Land-Ocean continuum: impacts of land-based discharges and exchange with open ocean
- Fluxes at the Ocean-Atmosphere interface
- Biodiversity
- Ecosystem biogeochemical processes and interactions (including Carbon studies)
- Extreme events